"
messages[2]="Orbital septum: a collagenous curtain connecting frontal bone and upper lid tarsus. It acts as a barrier to inflammation spreading backward from the eyelid.
"
messages[3]="Orbicularis oculi muscle: a circumferential muscle innervated by the seventh cranial (facial) nerve, it controls forceful eyelid closure. (Relaxation of the levator palpebrae superioris allows non-forceful eyelid closure.) The main clinical problem with this muscle arises when the seventh nerve is damaged. The lower eyelid droops, exposing the cornea to drying.
"
messages[4]="Superior tarsus: a connective tissue plate that contains sebaceous glands providing an oily base for the tear film. The tarsus gives firmness to the distal portion of the upper lid. Foreign bodies that fly onto the surface of the eye often find their way into a slight depression on the conjunctival surface of the tarsus. In order to remove them, one must expose this surface by everting the upper lid, using the upper border of the tarsus as the fulcrum.
"
messages[5]="Zeis (sebaceous) gland: provides oil base for tear film.
"
messages[6]="Cilia: a fancy word for eyelashes. If the eyelid becomes distorted by disease, trauma, or senescence, cilia may aim inward (\"trichiasis\") and abrade the cornea. This hurts.
"
messages[7]="Tendon of levator palpebrae superioris: the continuation of the muscle, it splits to attach to the superior tarsal plate and to the upper eyelid skin, forming the upper eyelid crease.
"
messages[8]="Conjunctival cul-de-sac (fornix): where the bulbar and palpebrae conjunctiva meet. Pictured here is the upper fornix; there is an analogous lower fornix for the lower eyelid.
"
messages[9]="Bulbar conjunctiva: the mucous membrane covering of the sclera.
"
messages[10]="Palpebral conjunctiva: the mucous membrane covering of the inner surface of the eyelids.
"
messages[11]="Meibomian glands: sebaceous glands that provide much of the oil base for the tear film.
"
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